Layer 4 load balancers (L4 LBs or TCP/UDP LBs) operate at the intermediate transport layer, whereas the Layer 7 load balancers (L7 LBs or HTTP LBs) operate at the highest level-the application layer. There are seven networking layers in the Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) model. Load balancers improve the performance of shared applications and desktops by distributing the network traffic on multiple servers, as well as by distributing application-specific tasks on each server individually. Load balancers are utilized to increase the capacity (concurrent users) and reliability of applications. A load balancer is an appliance that could be physical or virtual and acts as a proxy to distribute network traffic across several servers.
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